Talking About The Development Of Cinematographic Techniques

The era of silent films: Charlie Chaplin. The first short films (15-20 meters, about 1.5 minute of demonstration) were mostly documentaries, but in the comic dramatization of the Lumiere brothers "Watered waterer" there were reflected the trends of origin of feature films. Small length of the first films was due to technical imperfections in film equipment, however, already by 1900 years the length films increased up to 200-300 meters (15-20 minute of demonstration).

Improving of the imaging and projection equipment contributed to a further increase in the length of movies, qualitative and quantitative increase in artistic techniques of photography, acting and directing. A widespread of cinema and popularity of film provided it with economic profitability, which, however, affected on the artistic value of the films. During this period, with the complication and prolongation of the film's plot there started to form genres of cinema, made out their artistic identity, and were created set of specific visual tricks to each genre. "Silent" movie reached the highest prosperity by the 20-th years of XX century, when it was already fully executed as a separate kind of art that had its own artistic means.

The origin of sound: Even before the beginning of XX century, Thomas Edison tried to synchronize the "peepshow" with phonograph, but failed. Subsequently, however, William Dixon, co-author of Edison, said that he had already in 1889 managed to create peepshow - a device to reproduce a sound and image simultaneously. However, there is no evidence of his words. In the early period of cinematography, talkies were tried to be created in many countries, but people faced with two major problems: the difficulty in synchronizing of the picture and sound, and not enough volume of the latter.

The first problem was solved by recording and sound, and images on the same medium, but the solving of the second problem required the invention of low-frequency amplifier, which occurred only in 1912 when the film-language has developed very much that the absence of the sound was no longer perceived as a serious problem. As a result a patent on that system of sound cinematography, which was later made a sound revolution, was obtained in 1919, but the film company did not pay any attention to the possibility of movies talk, wanting to avoid the more expensive cost of production and distribution of movies and loss of foreign-language markets.

Nevertheless, on 17 September 1922 in Berlin, the world's first sound film was shown. In 1925, the company Warner Brothers, who was at that moment on the verge of bankruptcy, has invested in risky sound project. Already in 1926, Warner Brothers released a few sound films, consisting mostly of musical numbers, but they had very little success among the audience. Success came only with the movie "Jazz Singer" in which except musical numbers of Al Jolson there were his short cues. October 6, 1927 - the day of the premiere of The Jazz Singer "is considered to be the birthday of sound film. This real revolution gave as a possibility to watch and to listen to dozens of great films.